Hypomelanosis of Ito is more common in women than in men, and occurs in people of all ethnic backgrounds. Several genetic defects have been identified in people with hypomelanosis of Ito, but it is not clear which gene mutation is the one responsible for the disorder, or if several mutations can cause it. Some researchers suggest that hypomelanosis of Ito may not be a separate disease, but instead a symptom of other disorders.
Symptoms
Hypomelanosis of Ito produces small (0.5-1 cm) pale or white patches of skin. These patches merge to form larger patches or whorls of light skin, often on both sides of the body. The patches are not symmetric. The individual with hypomelanosis of Ito may also have birth defects such as cleft palate, or limb, hand, foot, or face abnormalities. Mental retardation or seizures may also be present.
Diagnosis
The large patches or whorls of light skin characteristic of hypomelanosis of Ito are usually obvious during the first few years of life. If the disorder is present, a thorough examination of the child will be done to look for birth defects or any neurological problems.
Treatment
No treatment of the light skin is necessary. In fact, the skin may develop pigment over time and blend in well with normal skin. Cover-up makeup can be used over very light or white areas. Any other problems, such as cleft palate or seizures, would be treated as necessary.
Information for this article was taken from:
Gross, N., & Ratz, J. (2005). Hypomelanosis of Ito. eMedicine, accessed at http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic186.htm
